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It’s been known for sometime now that if a pregnant mom takes certain medications, has exposure to certain infections, chemicals or alcohol/illegal drugs this can disrupt the normal development of an embryo or fetus and may cause birth defects and/or developmental problems in the child.

An agent that causes abnormal development in an embryo or fetus is called a teratogen. We know that about 10% of birth defects are caused by maternal exposures such as certain illnesses, chemicals, drugs or other exposures, while 30% are related to known genetic factors. The cause is unknown for the remaining 60% of birth defects.

The following are examples of known human teratogens:

• Medications: Thalidomide, isotretinoin, carbamazepine, and valproic acid
• Infectious diseases: Rubella or German measles
• Chronic/heavy alcohol use

Unfortunately, for some medications, chemicals and other exposures, there are not enough studies in human pregnancy. Finding out whether particular exposures can cause problems will help prevent birth defects and developmental effects.

We enroll pregnant women in our research studies. When you contact us at CTIS and we’ve answered all your questions about the exposure you called about, we may ask if you would be willing to enroll in our research.

Have questions about our research studies? See our FAQs